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ISQI ISTQB Certified Tester - Foundation Level Extension - Agile Tester CTFL-AT Prüfungsfragen mit Lösungen (Q27-Q32):
27. Frage
Which agile development approach incorporates the following practices:
* a project is divided into iterations called sprints
* each sprint results in a potentially releasable/shippable product?
- A. Extreme Programming
- B. Scrum
- C. Kanban
- D. Continuous Integration
Antwort: B
Begründung:
Scrum is an agile development approach that incorporates the following practices:
* a project is divided into iterations called sprints, which are typically 2-4 weeks long
* each sprint starts with a planning meeting, where the team selects a subset of user stories from the product backlog to work on
* each sprint ends with a review meeting, where the team demonstrates the potentially releasable
/shippable product increment to the stakeholders and collects feedback
* each sprint also includes a retrospective meeting, where the team reflects on the process and identifies areas for improvement123 References: 1: ISTQB Foundation Level Agile Tester Syllabus, Section
2.1, Agile Software Development1; 2: ASTQB Agile Tester Certification Resources, Section 2.1, Agile Software Development2; 3: What is Agile? | Atlassian3
28. Frage
Which of the following statements about Agile retrospectives is CORRECT?
- A. Unlike working sessions or meetings held in non-Agile projects, Agile retrospectives do not require follow-up activities.
- B. In an Agile retrospective the moderator can encourage and make sure that good practices are kept by the team, by asking what the team is doing well.
- C. During Agile retrospectives, testers should be encouraged to provide constructive suggestions only on non-testing activities.
- D. Agile retrospectives should be focused mainly on impediments that are outside the control of the team because these issues are more challenging.
Antwort: B
Begründung:
An Agile retrospective is a regular meeting where the team reflects on their work process and identifies the areas for improvement12. The following statements about Agile retrospectives are correct12:
* During Agile retrospectives, testers should be encouraged to provide constructive suggestions on both testing and non-testing activities, as testing is an integral part of the Agile team and testers can contribute to the overall quality of the product and the process.
* In an Agile retrospective, the moderator can encourage and make sure that good practices are kept by the team, by asking what the team is doing well. This helps to reinforce the positive aspects of the team' s work and to appreciate the team members' efforts and achievements.
* Agile retrospectives should be focused mainly on impediments that are within the control of the team because these issues are more actionable and can be resolved by the team. Impediments that are outside the control of the team should also be discussed, but they may require the involvement of other stakeholders or external parties to be addressed.
The following statement about Agile retrospectives is incorrect12:
* Unlike working sessions or meetings held in non-Agile projects, Agile retrospectives do require follow- up activities. The team should agree on the action items that result from the retrospective and assign them to the responsible team members. The team should also monitor the progress and effectiveness of the action items in the next iteration and review them in the next retrospective.
Therefore, the correct answer is B, as it is the only statement that is correct about Agile retrospectives. References: ISTQB Foundation Level Agile Tester Extension Syllabus1, page 24; ISTQB Agile Tester Sample Exam2,
29. Frage
Which of the following statements about the test pyramid is true?
- A. The test pyramid concept is based on the principle of eliminating defects as early as possible in the software lifecycle
- B. The test pyramid concept states that every software system consists always of four different test levels (unit, integration, system, acceptance)
- C. The test pyramid consists of four test levels with business-facing tests at the bottom of the pyramid and technology-facing tests at the top
- D. The test pyramid emphasizes having more automated tests at the higher test levels and a decreasing number of them at the lower test levels
Antwort: A
Begründung:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
FromCTFL-AT Syllabus v4.0, Section 4.1The Test Pyramid, it states:
"The test pyramid concept encourages more tests at lower levels (e.g., unit tests), with fewer tests at higher levels (e.g., system or UI tests), in order to find and fix defects as early as possible." Therefore,Option Ais correct - thetest pyramid supports early defect detectionthrougha high volume of lower-level automated tests.
* Option Bis incorrect - thetest pyramid emphasizes more tests at lower levels, not higher.
* Option Cis incorrect - Agile doesn't mandate four specific levels in every system.
* Option Dmisrepresents the pyramid -technology-facing tests (e.g., unit tests)areat the bottom, not the top.
References:
CTFL-AT Syllabus v4.0, Section 4.1
Learning Objective (K2) - Understand the purpose of the test pyramid
30. Frage
You are working on an Agile project and have been asked to implement exploratory testing for the current sprint. Which one of the following is a correct approach to adopt?
- A. Use testers who have not been involved in the sprint to write new test cases from the user stories. These test cases are then executed in a time boxed session for the sprint.
- B. Ask experienced testers to prepare test charters for time boxed sessions lasting no more than 2hours.Tests should be designed and executed within each session using heuristics, creativity and intuition.
- C. Ask experienced testers to try and find new defects by using the system without the constraint of documentation and tools.
- D. Allocate independent testers to design exploratory tests using test charters in time boxed sessions. Plan to run all sessions in parallel with each session lasting more than 5hours.
Antwort: B
Begründung:
Explanation
Exploratory testing is a testing approach that emphasizes learning, creativity, and adaptability. It involves simultaneous test design and test execution, where the tester uses heuristics, intuition, and experience to explore the system under test and discover new information12. Exploratory testing can be performed in an Agile project to complement other testing activities, such as test-driven development, behavior-driven development, and acceptance test-driven development12.
The correct approach to adopt for exploratory testing in an Agile project is D, as it follows the best practices for exploratory testing1234:
Ask experienced testers to prepare test charters for time boxed sessions lasting no more than 2 hours: A test charter is a brief document that describes the scope, objective, and strategy of an exploratory testing session. A test charter helps to guide the tester's exploration and to document the results. A time box is a fixed period of time allocated for an exploratory testing session. A time box helps to focus the tester's attention and to limit the scope of exploration. A time box should not be too long, as it may reduce the tester's concentration and creativity. A recommended duration for a time box is between 45 minutes and
2 hours.
Tests should be designed and executed within each session using heuristics, creativity and intuition:
Exploratory testing is an iterative and interactive process, where the tester designs and executes tests based on the observations and feedback from the system under test. The tester uses heuristics, which are rules of thumb or shortcuts that help to simplify the testing problem and to generate test ideas. The tester also uses creativity and intuition, which are mental abilities that help to generate novel and useful solutions and to make judgments based on incomplete or uncertain information.
The incorrect approaches to adopt for exploratory testing in an Agile project are A, B, and C, as they violate the principles and practices of exploratory testing1234:
A: Allocate independent testers to design exploratory tests using test charters in time boxed sessions.
Plan to run all sessions in parallel with each session lasting more than 5 hours: This approach is incorrect because it does not involve simultaneous test design and test execution, which is the essence of exploratory testing. It also uses too long time boxes, which may reduce the tester's concentration and creativity. It also does not leverage the collaboration and communication within the Agile team, as it isolates the testers from the developers and other stakeholders.
B: Ask experienced testers to try and find new defects by using the system without the constraint of documentation and tools: This approach is incorrect because it does not use test charters, which are essential for guiding and documenting the exploratory testing sessions. It also does not use heuristics, creativity, and intuition, which are important for generating test ideas and making decisions. It also implies that exploratory testing is an unstructured and random activity, which is a common misconception. Exploratory testing is a disciplined and systematic approach that requires planning, analysis, and evaluation.
C: Use testers who have not been involved in the sprint to write new test cases from the user stories.
These test cases are then executed in a time boxed session for the sprint: This approach is incorrect because it does not involve simultaneous test design and test execution, which is the essence of exploratory testing. It also uses testers who have not been involved in the sprint, which may reduce their understanding of the system under test and the customer needs. It also does not use test charters, which are essential for guiding and documenting the exploratory testing sessions. It also does not use heuristics, creativity, and intuition, which are important for generating test ideas and making decisions.
References: ISTQB Foundation Level Agile Tester Extension Syllabus1, page 23; ISTQB Agile Tester Sample Exam2, question 19; Exploratory Testing; ISTQB Agile Tester #56 - What is Exploratory testing?
31. Frage
You are working in a software development company which, for many years, used a sequential development model and was organized into separate departments for each functional group (e.g. business analysts, developers, testers) located within their own office space. Your organization has recently changed to a SCRUM agile framework. Which of the following is an important organizational and behavioral best practice for a tester in the SCRUM team that should have also been practiced when using the sequential model?
- A. Resilient testing means that the testing process is capable of dealing with rapid changes throughout the development process with test plans being updated during each iteration.
- B. Credibility means that the tester must share information with the stakeholders about the test process so that they find the selected test strategy and testing activities trustworthy.
- C. Co-located teamwork means that all team members, including developers and testers, must sit together in the same office, so they can quickly communicate face-to-face.
- D. Cross-functional teamwork means that all team members contribute to testing in various ways. For example, involving people with the test strategy, test planning and execution as well as test reporting.
Antwort: D
Begründung:
Explanation
Cross-functional teamwork is an important organizational and behavioral best practice for a tester in the SCRUM team that should have also been practiced when using the sequential model. Cross-functional teamwork means that all team members, regardless of their functional roles, collaborate and share their skills and knowledge to achieve a common goal. In the context of testing, this means that testing is not seen as a separate activity or phase, but as an integral part of the development process. All team members contribute to testing in various ways, such as:
Involving people with the test strategy, test planning and execution as well as test reporting. This can help ensure that the testing activities are aligned with the business objectives, the user needs, and the technical requirements. It can also help improve the test coverage, the test quality, and the test efficiency.
Sharing the responsibility for testing among the team members. This can help reduce the workload and the dependency on a single tester or a testing team. It can also help increase the feedback and the communication among the team members, and foster a culture of quality and learning.
Leveraging the diverse skills and perspectives of the team members. This can help enhance the test design and the test execution by applying different techniques, tools, and approaches. It can also help identify and address the risks, the issues, and the opportunities for improvement from various angles. References: ISTQB Foundation Level Agile Tester Syllabus1, Section 1.2.1, page 9; ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms2, version 4.0, page 16.
32. Frage
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